Plant Metabolomics Reviews

Natural products derived from plants, animals, microbes, and minerals remain a cornerstone of modern drug discovery by virtue of their structural-functional diversity and broad spectrum of bioactivities. However, the isolation and characterization of bioactive compounds from complex natural matrices remain a significant challenge in conventional methodologies, primarily due to metabolites' anonymity, low metabolite abundance, chemical instability, dereplication of already known metabolites,...

Standardized in vitro phenotypes provide genetically tractable traits that integrate GWAS, QTL mapping, and multi-omics, enabling mechanistic insight and genetics-informed improvement of plant regeneration. Plant tissue culture (PTC) has traditionally been employed as a technical tool for propagation, transformation, and germplasm conservation. This review reframes in vitro culture systems as quantitative phenotyping platforms that enable rigorous genetic dissection of complex traits, such as...

CONCLUSION: Overall, this review highlights the potential of dietary strategies to modulate the gut microbiome in populations at risk for CRC, while also addressing critical gaps in the current evidence and offering direction for the development of evidence-based dietary interventions that incorporate microbiome assessment. Limited RCTs and heterogeneity in outcomes limit generalizability. Future research should conduct rigorous RCTs across the lifespan, using microbiome and metabolite analyses...

The therapeutic value of medicinal plants is attributed to the accumulation and constituents of secondary metabolites, such as phenolics, flavonoids, and terpenoids. Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) provide an efficient approach to enhancing plant growth, development, health, and production. PGPR genera including Bacillus, Streptomyces, and Pseudomonas stimulate plant growth and development through a variety of mechanisms, including increased secondary metabolites, phytohormone...

Phosphorus (P) is a crucial plant macronutrient, but the non-renewable nature of P sources for plant growth in soils globally limits crop productivity, causing great concern for future sustainable agriculture and global food security. Thus, improving plant phosphorus use efficiency (PUE) by increasing P-utilization and P-acquisition efficiencies is immediately needed in various crops, including legumes, for intensive cropping systems. This review explores how to harness genetic variability in...

Pollution caused by potentially toxic elements (PTEs) is a serious global threat to the environment. In this context, sensitive and suitable tools for environmental assessment are necessary. As early diverging land plants with simple morphology and direct exposure to the atmosphere, bryophytes have emerged as powerful bioindicators and biomonitors of PTEs stress. This review focuses on current knowledge available regarding ecological relevance, sensitivity, physiological and molecular...

CONCLUSION: Buddleja globosa represents a strategic medicinal resource due to its long history of traditional use, its widespread use in Chile, and the growing body of scientific evidence suggesting its biological properties, particularly in wound-healing applications. This review documents several bioactive metabolites, including verbascoside, amyrins, and flavonoids. In this context, future research should focus on strategies that promote knowledge transfer and on developing public policies to...

Yeast probiotics, particularly Saccharomyces boulardii, are used in clinical, nutritional and biotechnological settings, yet their strain-specific mechanisms remain incompletely understood. This review examines how systems biology and multi-omics approaches can improve understanding of probiotic yeast function. We discuss comparative genomics and pangenomics, transcriptomic responses to gastrointestinal stress, cell-surface proteins involved in pathogen interactions, and metabolomic outputs...

Fusarium oxysporum is a major postharvest pathogen causing significant losses in stored fruits, vegetables, tubers, and bulbs. Understanding its infection mechanisms is essential for developing effective biological control strategies. This review synthesizes current knowledge on postharvest infection by F. oxysporum, including wound-dependent penetration, production of toxins (beauvericin, fusaric acid) and cell wall-degrading enzymes (polygalacturonases, cellulases), and tissue colonization...

CONCLUSIONS: A specification based on fatty acid composition alone would not separate these products, and the FAHFA and diacylglycerol shares are proposed as candidate attributes associated with hydrolysis and oxidation that require validation.

Soil salinity and drought can restrict oxygen availability in the root zone, adding hypoxic stress to the ionic, osmotic, and hydraulic constraints experienced by crops. Nanobubble (NB) water offers a chemical-free approach for delivering highly dispersed oxygen and sustaining dissolved oxygen during irrigation. This review connects the physicochemical behavior of NBs with plant responses to salinity- and drought-associated hypoxia. It examines restoration of aerobic respiration and ATP...

Against the backdrop of global population growth, intensifying climate change, and limited arable land, ensuring food security and promoting sustainable agriculture have become critical issues. The limitations of conventional agricultural systems are becoming increasingly apparent, creating an urgent need for innovation driven by science and technology. In this context, plant multi-omics technologies serve as the foundational data and technical cornerstone of systems biology and precision...

The genus Cinnamomum (Lauraceae) has a long history of use in traditional medicine and continues to attract scientific interest due to its diverse pharmacological properties. This review summarizes the ethnopharmacological uses of Cinnamomum species, including major investigated species such as C. verum, C. cassia, C. burmannii, C. camphora, and other reported species, plant parts utilized, phytochemical composition, biological activities, underlying mechanisms, and safety considerations....

Climate change is increasing the frequency and intensity of abiotic stresses, including drought, high temperature, salinity, and waterlogging, which not only directly constrain crop growth and productivity but also reshape plant-pathogen interactions by altering host physiology and immune responses. These climate-driven environmental pressures can accelerate pathogen spread and generational turnover while compromising crop disease resistance through complex interactions between abiotic stress...

Endophytic fungi form complex symbiotic associations with medicinal plants via long-term coevolution. Such cross-kingdom interactions substantially modulate flavonoid biosynthesis in host plants. This review dissects the mechanisms through which endophytic fungi elevate flavonoid accumulation in medicinal plants. We first summarize symbiotic and growth-promoting relationships between endophytic fungi and medicinal plants, outlining four core synergistic functions: nutrient supply, phytohormone...

Larix sibirica is a conifer and a renewable source of chemically diverse constituents with pharmacological uses. This review examines its phytochemical composition, extraction strategies, and reported pharmacological activities, including preliminary studies of arabinogalactan-based drug carriers and sulfated lignins. The compiled database comprised 354 records representing 232 unique compounds reported in 25 publications, distributed among 16 phytochemical groups and 12 plant-source categories....

CONCLUSION: Overall, flowers and berries harvested as side streams in the potato production can be a good source for glycoalkaloids and possibly further metabolites of use for pharmaceutical and plant protection applications. Flowers appear particularly suitable for recovering high-concentration bioactive compounds, whereas berries offer advantages in biomass availability, harvesting, and storage.

INTRODUCTION: The fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda is a devastating pest of maize, capable of detoxifying the well-studied benzoxazinoid (BX) defenses. Whether maize deploys additional inducible defenses that complement BXs remains unclear.

Plant cell suspension cultures are a valuable biotechnological platform for the controlled production of high-value phytochemicals. Yet, the molecular mechanisms by which culture medium composition impacts cellular transcriptional programs remain poorly characterised, especially in non-model plant species. Here, we investigated how two culture media, Murashige & Skoog (MS)- and Linsmaier & Skoog (LS)-based, influence growth, gene expression and secondary metabolite production in Cannabis sativa...

Carbon fluxes throughout metabolic networks can be investigated experimentally through ^(13)C-isotope labelling experiments (^(13)C-ILE) and ^(13)C-metabolic flux analysis (^(13)C-MFA). ^(13)C-ILE involves the application of isotopically labelled substrates to a biological system to detect label distribution throughout the metabolic network, while ^(13)C-MFA is a computational approach that quantitatively estimates fluxes by fitting isotope-labelling data to metabolic network models. ^(13)C-MFA...