Plant Metabolomics Reviews

Drought and soil salinization increasingly co‑occur, threatening global food security, particularly in dryland farming systems where these stresses can interact additively, synergistically or antagonistically to reduce crop yields. This review critically distinguishes these interaction types and moves beyond single‑stress frameworks to provide a multiscale synthesis of plant responses, soil water-salt dynamics, root‑system plasticity, rhizosphere microbiome modulation, emerging breeding...

INTRODUCTION: Plant-microbiome interactions in the rhizosphere are critical for plant adaptation to environmental stress; however, the coordinated roles of root exudates and microbiome dynamics remain poorly understood.

INTRODUCTION: Sugarcane mosaic disease (SCMD) poses a severe threat to global sugarcane yield. Since conventional field management is insufficient to restrict viral transmission, unraveling the underlying defense mechanisms is imperative for targeted breeding. The primary objective of this study was to delineate the molecular and metabolic networks governing SCMD resistance by comparing highly resistant (XIDAZHE10-19, YT94-128) and susceptible (HP, XTT22) cultivars.

Mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) is a robust analytical tool for resolving the spatial localization of diverse metabolites in a tissue sample simultaneously. Infrared matrix-assisted laser desorption electrospray ionization (IR-MALDESI) is particularly advantageous for analyzing leaf tissue, since it bypasses the cuticle and uses endogenous water in the sample as a matrix, avoiding delocalization and reducing costs associated with sample preparation. While direct analysis of fresh tissue offers...

Medicinal plants represent a critical resource for both traditional medicine and contemporary natural product research. Studies on their genetic breeding are of paramount significance in ensuring the quality of medicinal materials, enhancing the content of bioactive constituents, and cultivating elite varieties. With the rapid advancement of sequencing technologies, omics approaches have evolved from reliance on single molecular markers to multidimensional research paradigms encompassing...

CONCLUSION: This nutritional metabolomics study provides mechanistic insights into the metabolic changes associated with a plant-based diet. Its findings support the integration of plant-based meals into school settings to promote the metabolic health of adolescents and mitigate the risk of chronic disease progression.

The genus Bacillus, particularly endophytic species, has been widely studied as a source of plant growth-promoting bacteria in agricultural systems. These microorganisms contribute to plant performance through nutrient acquisition, phytohormone production, pathogen suppression, microbiome modulation, and enhanced tolerance to biotic and abiotic stresses. However, their ecological roles, functional plasticity, and genomic diversity remain poorly integrated into conceptual frameworks that extend...

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The genus Astragalus comprises one of the largest and most ecologically diverse groups of flowering plants and includes species of major medicinal, forage, and restoration value, particularly Astragalus membranaceus and allied taxa. However, effective germplasm utilization and large-scale cultivation remain constrained by strong seed dormancy, most commonly expressed as physical dormancy imposed by a water-impermeable seed coat. In some species, this coat-imposed barrier is further complicated...

Plant secondary metabolites remain indispensable for pharmaceuticals, nutraceuticals, and cosmeceuticals, yet conventional plant culture systems are increasingly limited by inconsistent yields, poor scalability, and inadequate capacity for real-time process monitoring. Microfluidic technologies and organ-on-a-chip (OoC) platforms, originally developed for mammalian biology, are now emerging as powerful tools to overcome these constraints. These systems enable laminar flow, precise gradient...

Zymoseptoria tritici (Desm. Quaedvlieg & Crous), known as the wheat leaf spot disease agent, is a highly virulent fungus that induces blotch and necrosis on leaves. Although it is known to cause severe infections under humid conditions, recent observations suggest that it can also infect wheat leaves under drought and high-temperature conditions, possibly influenced by global warming. Recent findings showed that Z. tritici could easily tolerate various abiotic stresses, including drought, water...

Angelica sinensis (Oliv.) Diels (A. sinensis), commonly known as Danggui, is a chemically complex medicinal plant widely used in East Asian medicine and reported to exert anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, immunomodulatory, hematopoietic, neuroprotective, vasoprotective, metabolic, and tissue-repair effects. This narrative translational review evaluates literature published up to May 2026 and reappraises A. sinensis through a constituent-specific and exposure-relevant framework, focusing on...

Marine halophytes are gaining attention as a source of plant-derived bioactive compounds with potential applications across nutraceuticals, functional foods, and preventive nutrition. Among them, Salicornia europaea L. is a coastal succulent whose adaptation to hypersaline environments shapes a distinctive phytochemical profile of pharmacological interest. This narrative review integrates current evidence on the bioactive composition, mechanistic activities, and translational relevance of S....

Anti-nutritional factors (ANFs) in terrestrial plant feeds constrain efficient herbivore production, an issue intensified by rising feed costs and growing demand for animal products. Unlike previous reviews that focus on single ANFs or feed types, this review provides an integrated, cross-species framework linking ANF chemistry, rumen microbial interactions, and mitigation strategies. It examines major ANF classes-tannins, phytates, saponins, oxalates, protease inhibitors, lectins,...

Background: Light intensity and spectral quality are important abiotic factors that induce metabolic reprogramming in medicinal plants, thereby enabling adaptive responses to diverse radiation environments. This systematic review examines how different light conditions influence secondary metabolism, emphasizing that the observed differences can be interpreted as variations in response strategies and regulatory plasticity. Methods: Published transcriptomic and metabolomic studies on...

Optimizing crop production under shifting climate baselines requires transitioning from empirical fertilization to molecularly informed, precision nutrient management. While traditional agronomy evaluates fertilizer efficacy via macroscopic morpho-physiological traits, the underlying sub-cellular mechanisms remain poorly integrated into field practices. This review synthesizes the comparative crop proteomic landscapes shaped by synthetic versus organic fertilization regimes. We map how chemical...

Abiotic and biotic stresses significantly threaten global food security and agricultural sustainability. Achieving the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), particularly SDG 2 (Zero Hunger), SDG 6 (Clean Water and Sanitation), SDG 12 (Responsible Consumption and Production), SDG 13 (Climate Action), and SDG 15 (Life on Land), requires sustainable agricultural approaches. Recently, plant growth-promoting bacterial (PGPB) consortia have emerged as an effective strategy for enhancing...

Chilli peppers (Capsicum species) have been widely used around the world because of their economic value and distinctive sensory characteristics. They contain abundant functional metabolites, especially a group of vanillylamide compounds belonging to the family of capsaicinoids, which have been exploited for medicinal, nutritional, agricultural, and cosmetic uses. The demand for capsaicinoid molecules is increasing day by day due to their high economic value and wide range of applications....

INTRODUCTION: Saline-alkali soil significantly inhibits the growth and development of Leymus chinensis, and root exudates are vital components in plant responses to abiotic stress. At present, whether L. chinensis accumulates specific root exudates to adapt to saline-alkali environments remains poorly understood.

Brown algal extracts increase crop yield by stimulating growth and enhancing resistance to environmental stress, making them a sustainable and effective biostimulant for modern agriculture. Population growth, climate change, and intensive agrochemical use pose significant challenges to environmental sustainability and food security. Seaweeds, particularly brown algae, have attracted considerable attention as promising biostimulants for sustainable agricultural applications. Brown algae, the...